1. The relay history of phased-locked loops2. Analog phased-locked loops3. Root locus and frequency analysis4. Acquisition and tracking5. Digital transforms6. Charge pumps, counters, and delay-locked loops7. Digital transformation of analog phased-locked loops8. Stability and frequency response of digital loops9. All-digital phased-locked loops10. Digital PLL responses and acquisition11. Synchronizers for digital communication12. Optical phased-locked loops13. Phase noise analysisAppendix A. Laplace transformsAppendix B. Z transformsIndex