1. A Spread-Spectrum Overview2. The Historical Origins of Spread-SpectrumCommunications3. Basic Concepts and System Models4. General Analysis of Anti-Jam Communication Systems5. Pseudonoise Generators6. Coherent Direct Sequence Systems7. Non-Coherent Frequency-Hopped Systems8. Coherent Modulation Techniques9. Differentially Coherent Modulation Techniques10. Pseudonoise Acquisition in Direct Sequence Receivers11. Pseudonoise Tracking in Direct Sequence Receivers12. Time and Frequency Synchronization ofFrequency-Hopped Receivers13. Low Probability of Intercept Communications14. Multiple Access15. Commercial ApplicationsAppendix 5A: Finite Field Arithmetic 367Appendix 5B: Factorizations of 2n—1 and SelectedPrimitive PolynomialsAppendix 2A: Justification of Factor of 1/2 for FH/MFSK Signalswith Diversity in Partial-Band Noise 662Appendix 2B: Combinatorial ComputationAppendix 3A: Multipath and Diversity 1198Appendix 3A: To Prove That a Frequency Estimator Basedupon Adjacent Spectral Estimates Taken atInteger Multiples of 1/T Cannot be UnbiasedAppendix 3B: Error Bounds for Interference-Limited Channels